Canada Work Permit

Written by Mike Arnold Moderated by Oleksandra Dosii

Mike Arnold

Mike is a freelance writer with eight years of experience and a love for travel, all things business, tabletop games and green tea.

Oleksandra Dosii

Oleksandra is a dedicated marketer with a passion for growing HR-tech products. She believes content marketing is about delivering high-quality content that provides value—not just generating leads. Since 2016, Oleksandra has been involved in tech talent relocation.

Last update: September 13, 2024

Next update: Scheduled for February 1, 2025

With over 20 million people employed and an unemployment rate consistently below 6%, Canada is a land of opportunity for those seeking career growth and a stable career.

However, this isn't a benefit reserved for those already living in Canada. The Canada Work Permit is your entry ticket into this thriving workforce, offering a chance to gain valuable international experience and contribute your talents to a diverse and welcoming society.

Whether you're a seasoned expert or a recent graduate, this permit opens doors to a fulfilling career and potentially a pathway to permanent residency.

 

What are the types of Canadian work permits?

There's a hugely diverse range of work permits available in Canada, each tailored to different needs and circumstances. These permits fall under two main categories: those requiring a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) and those LMIA-exempt.

Work permits requiring a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA)

An LMIA is a document that demonstrates a need for a foreign worker to fill a specific job in Canada and that no Canadian citizen or permanent resident is available to do the work.

The following work permits generally require an LMIA:

• Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP): This is the most common type of work permit, allowing employers to hire foreign workers to fill temporary labour shortages in Canada.
• Facilitated LMIA (Quebec): Quebec has its own facilitated LMIA process, which streamlines the application for specific occupations in high demand in the province.
• Global Talent Stream: This program offers expedited processing for highly skilled workers in specific in-demand occupations, such as tech and IT professionals.

LMIA-Exempt work permits

Some work permits are exempt from the LMIA requirement, meaning your employer doesn't need to prove a shortage of Canadian workers for the position. These permits are typically granted under the International Mobility Program (IMP) and include:

• Intra-company transfers: For employees of multinational companies transferring to a Canadian branch or subsidiary.
• NAFTA and CETA work permits: For citizens of Mexico and the United States (NAFTA) or the European Union (CETA) who meet specific criteria.
• Other LMIA-exempt categories: Various other categories exist, such as work permits for international students, post-graduate work permit holders, spouses of Canadian citizens or permanent residents, and participants in specific programs like International Experience Canada.

Open work permits

Open work permits offer the greatest flexibility, allowing you to work for any employer in Canada (with a few exceptions). These permits are not tied to a specific job offer and include:

• Post-graduation work permits (PGWP): Available to international students who have graduated from a designated learning institution in Canada.
• Spousal sponsorship from inside Canada: For spouses or common-law partners of Canadian citizens or permanent residents already in Canada.
• International Experience Canada (IEC): A working holiday visa program for young adults from specific countries.
• Bridging open work permit (BOWP): For individuals who have applied for permanent residency and whose current work permit is expiring
• Other open work permit categories: Several other categories exist, such as open work permits for vulnerable workers, certain Hong Kong residents, and Ukrainian nationals.

To see if you need a work permit, you can use his free online tool or use the guidance of a professional visa consultant.

The complete list of work permits looks like this:

• Temporary workers: This is the most common type, allowing you to work for a specific employer in Canada for a set period. You may need a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) from your employer.
• Agricultural workers: This permit is for people working in specific agricultural jobs.
• Caregivers: If you're coming to Canada to provide care for children, elderly people, or people with disabilities, you may be eligible for this permit.
• International Experience Canada: This program allows young people to work and travel in Canada for a set period.
• Vulnerable workers: If you're experiencing abuse or mistreatment at your workplace, you may be able to apply for an open work permit.
• Hong Kong graduates: This open work permit is for recent graduates from Hong Kong who want to work in Canada.
• Provincial nominees: If you have a provincial nomination for permanent residence, you might be able to get an open work permit while you wait for your application to be processed.
• Business people: There are several work permits available for business people, depending on your specific activities in Canada.
• H-1B Visa holders: If you have an H-1B visa in the U.S., you might be eligible for a fast-track work permit in Canada.
• Ukrainian nationals: Special work permits are available for Ukrainian nationals affected by the conflict.
• French-speaking workers (Outside Quebec): If you speak French and have a job offer outside Quebec, you might qualify for this permit.
• Overnight camp counsellors: This permit is specifically for people working as counsellors at overnight camps in Canada.

Take time choosing the proper work permit for you.

The right work permit for you will depend on your qualifications, experience, and specific circumstances. Carefully research the different options and consult an immigration professional to determine the best pathway for your situation.

Remember, Canadian permanent residents don't require a work permit to work in Canada.

How to obtain a Canadian work permit

The process of obtaining a Canadian work permit can vary depending on the type of permit you're applying for and your specific circumstances.

However, there are some general steps and considerations that apply to most work permit applications.

Step #1 - Determine eligibility and choose the right permit

The first step is to carefully assess your qualifications, experience, and job offer (if applicable) to determine which work permit category you're eligible for. Research the specific requirements for each permit and choose the one that best suits your situation.

Step#2 - Gather required documents

Once you've identified the appropriate work permit, gather all the necessary documents. These may include:

• Completed application forms: Fill out the required application forms accurately and completely.
• Proof of status in Canada (if applicable): If you're already in Canada, provide evidence of your current immigration status.
• Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) or job offer (if applicable): If your permit requires an LMIA, your employer will need to obtain one before you can apply. For LMIA-exempt permits, you'll typically need a written job offer or employment contract.
• CV/résumé: Provide a detailed and up-to-date CV highlighting your education, skills, and work experience.
• Valid passport: Your passport must be valid for the duration of your intended stay in Canada.
• Educational credentials: Provide copies of diplomas, degrees, or certificates relevant to your profession.
• Medical exam results (if requested): You may be required to undergo a medical examination by an approved panel physician.
• Police clearance certificates: You may need to provide police clearance certificates from countries where you've lived for six months or more since the age of 18.
• Evidence of financial means: Demonstrate that you have sufficient funds to support yourself and your family in Canada and to return home.
• Proof of payment for applicable government fees
• Recent passport-sized photos

Step #3 - Submit application

You can submit your work permit application either online or on paper, depending on the specific permit and your eligibility.

• Online application: If eligible, apply online through the IRCC website. This is generally the faster and more convenient option.
• Paper application: If you cannot apply online or the specific permit requires a paper application, submit your application and supporting documents to the appropriate visa office or application centre.

Step #4 - Pay processing fees

Pay the required processing fees for your work permit application. The fees vary depending on the type of permit and whether you're applying from within or outside Canada.

You can find the complete list of up-to-date fees here.

At the time of writing, they look like this:

• Work permit (including extensions):
  • Individual: C$155 per person
  • Group of 3+ performing artists: C$465 maximum (must apply together at the same time and place)
• Open work permit holder:
  • Fee to get a new open work permit: C$100
• Restore your status as a worker:
  • Combined fee to restore your status and get a new work permit: C$384

If you need a visitor visa (temporary resident visa), you'll need to pay for it separately, even if you're applying as part of a group. The group fee for visitor visas only applies to families.

Step #5 - Provide biometrics (if applicable)

If you're applying from outside Canada, you may be required to provide your biometrics (fingerprints and photograph) at a designated collection point.

You can find the complete guide on how to give biometrics when asked here, as well as a guide on fees and other guidance details here.

Step #6 - Await processing and decision

The processing time for your work permit application can vary depending on several factors, including the type of permit, your country of residence, and the volume of applications being processed.

The average currently for Work Permits is about 20 weeks since the service is presently prioritising essential occupations with

You can check the estimated processing times using this free online tool.

If you have applied, you can track your application status using thistool.

Step #7 - Activate your work permit (if applicable)

If your application is approved and you applied from outside Canada, you'll need to activate your work permit at a Canadian port of entry when you arrive in the country.

Again, and this is important, each work permit category has specific requirements and procedures. It's essential to research the details carefully and consider seeking professional assistance to ensure a smooth and successful application.

What are the application costs?

Applying for a Canadian work permit involves various fees that you'll need to consider.

• Work permit (including extensions):
  • Individual: C$155 per person
  • Group of 3+ performing artists: C$465 maximum (must apply together at the same time and place)
• Open work permit holder:
  • Fee to get a new open work permit: C$100
• Restore your status as a worker:
  • Combined fee to restore your status and get a new work permit: C$384

Note: Additional fees may apply in certain situations, such as restoring a work permit or using a group of performing artists. Consult the official Canadian government website or the most up-to-date fee information.

Other costs

Beyond the processing fees, you may incur additional expenses during the application process:

• Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) fee: If your work permit requires an LMIA, your employer must pay a processing fee for the LMIA application. The fee can vary depending on the type of LMIA and the number of requested positions.
• Biometrics fee: If you are applying from outside Canada, you may be required to provide your biometrics (fingerprints and photograph) at a designated collection point. The biometrics fee is C$85 per person or C$170 for a family applying together.
• Medical exam fees: Depending on your country of origin, occupation, and length of stay, you may need to undergo a medical examination by an approved panel physician. The cost of the medical exam varies but is typically around C$450 per adult and C$250 per child.
• Police clearance certificates: You may be required to provide police clearance certificates from countries where you have lived for six months or more since the age of 18. The cost of obtaining these certificates will depend on the country and specific requirements.
• Other costs: You may also incur additional costs for document translations, travel expenses, and potential professional assistance with your application.

Important note: These fees are subject to change. Always consult the official Government of Canada website for the most up-to-date and accurate information on application fees.

Other important information

In addition to the core application process and fees, consider these key aspects to ensure a successful work permit journey:

• Family inclusion: If you are applying for an employer-specific work permit, you may be able to include your spouse and dependent children in your application. If eligible, your spouse may also apply for an open work permit, allowing them to work for any employer in Canada.
• Extending work permits: If you wish to continue working in Canada beyond the expiry date of your current work permit, you'll need to apply for an extension. It's generally recommended to apply at least 30 days before your permit expires.
• Work permit number: Your work permit number, which starts with the letter "U," is located in the top right corner of your permit. This number is crucial for various purposes, including tax filing and employment verification.
• Working without a work permit: Working in Canada without a valid work permit is illegal and can have serious consequences. Ensure you have the appropriate authorisation before starting any employment.
• Age limit: There's no maximum age limit for most Canadian work permits, except for the International Experience Canada (IEC) program, which has specific age restrictions depending on your country of citizenship.
• Health insurance: While on a work permit, you may be eligible to apply for provincial health insurance coverage, depending on the province or territory where you reside.
• Work permit vs. visa: A work permit authorises you to work in Canada, while a visa (or eTA) is a travel document that allows you to enter the country. You'll need both to legally work in Canada.
• IELTS requirement: You generally don't need to take an IELTS or other language test for a work permit unless the job requires explicit language skills and you're from a non-English or non-French speaking country.
• Employer sponsorship: While Canadian employers don't directly "sponsor" you for a work permit, they play a vital role by obtaining an LMIA or submitting an electronic job offer, which is essential for most work permit applications.

As you can see, there are many moving parts to consider when acquiring a Canadian Work Permit.

While your individual case may easily relate to an available permit, if you're finding it complicated to know which route to take or you need help with the process, it can pay to work with a visa consultant to make the process smooth and simple.

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